MicroELISA

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EIAgen Prolactin kit is a direct solid phase enzyme immunoassay for the quantitative measurement of prolactin in human serum.

Prolactin hormone (PRL), secreted from the lactotrophs of the anterior pituitary, is a protein consisting of a single polypeptide chain containing approximately 200 amino acids. The primary biological action of the hormone is on the mammary gland where it is involved in the growth of the gland and in the induction and maintenance of milk production.

There is evidence to suggest that prolactin may be involved in steroidogenesis in the gonad, acting synergistically with luteinizing hormone (LH). High levels of prolactin appear to inhibit steroidogenesis as well as inhibiting LH and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) synthesis at the pituitary gland (1,2).

The clinical usefulness of the measurement of prolactin hormone (PRL) in ascertaining the diagnosis of hyperprolactinemia and for the subsequent monitoring the effectiveness of the treatment has been well established (3,4).

Immunoenzymometric assay:

In this method, calibrators, patient specimens and/or controls (containing the native PRL antigen) are first added to streptavidin coated wells. Biotinylated monoclonal and enzyme labeled antibodies are then added and the reactants mixed: these antibodies have high affinity and specificity and are directed against distinct and different epitopes of PRL.

Reaction between the various PRL antibodies and native PRL occurs in the microwells without competition or steric hindrance, forming a soluble sandwich complex.

Simultaneously, the complex is deposited to the well through the high affinity reaction of streptavidin and biotinylated antibody.

After equilibrium is attained, the antibody-bound fraction is separated from unbound antigen by decantation or aspiration. The enzyme activity in the antibody-bound fraction is directly proportional to the native antigen concentration.

The activity of the enzyme present on the surface of the well is quantitated by reaction with a suitable substrate to produce color.

By utilizing several different serum references of known antigen values, a dose response curve can be generated from which the antigen concentration of an unknown can be ascertained.

The kit contains reagents for 96 tests (code LI4015F1).

Bring reagents to room temperature before use.